Hybrid Geoid Modeling for the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Abstract A significant improvement in the accuracy and homogeneity has been achieved with new gravimetric geoid model for Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA-Geoid21GRAV) w.r.t previous Geoid models KSA2009, KSA2015 KSA-Geoid17. The prediction was carried remove-compute-restore technique resulting external absolute accuracies at 10–11 cm level relative 1–5 ppm. In this work, estimation hybrid KSA-Geoid21 is described. deterministic stochastic approach used to residuals available GNSS/Levelling heights. Various parametric ranging from simple north-south bias tilt one second third degree polynomial have evaluated. After various tests a order selected 10.3 difference adjusted between Following that, modelling after fit out, errors data 0.014 m level. Compared model, KSA-Geoid2017, improved 75.2% benchmarks found mean 1.1 cm, while rest 24.8% deterioration 0.7 found.